1.Silicon steel
Silicon steel is an important soft magnetic alloy that is used in a large amount (more than 90%) of magnetic materials and has a wide range of uses. It generally refers to a ferrosilicon alloy with a silicon content of about 0.5% to 4.5%. It is called the most popular among steel products. "artwork".
Silicon steel has high magnetic induction, which reduces the excitation current of the iron core and saves electric energy. The high magnetic induction of silicon steel enables the design of a high maximum magnetic induction (Bm), small size and light weight of the core, saving silicon steel, wires, insulation materials and structural materials, etc., which not only reduces the losses and manufacturing costs of motors and transformers, but also facilitates assembly and transportation. The motor, which is made of toothed circular punched sheets stacked into an iron core, works in a running state. The silicon steel plate is required to be magnetically isotropic and made of non-oriented silicon steel. Transformers made of strips stacked into an iron core or strips wound into an iron core work in a static state and are made of cold-rolled oriented silicon steel with large magnetic anisotropy. In addition, silicon steel is required to have good punching and shearing properties, smooth surface and uniform thickness, good insulation film and small magnetic aging.
2. Classification of silicon steel
According to the difference in production technology, there are hot-rolled silicon steel and cold-rolled silicon steel:
1) Hot-rolled silicon steel is mainly used in generator manufacturing, so it is also called hot-rolled motor silicon steel. It is based on the hot-rolling process to roll the product to the required thickness, and finally it is made after an 800℃~850℃ annealing process. Due to its unsatisfactory performance and utilization, it has been gradually eliminated by the market in recent years.
2) According to the different products produced, cold-rolled silicon steel can be subdivided into cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel, cold-rolled common oriented silicon steel (CGO steel) and high magnetic induction cold-rolled oriented silicon steel (Hi-B steel).
Cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel is usually used in the manufacture of generators. Its silicon content ranges from 0.5% to 3.0%. Unlike hot-rolled silicon steel, it must be rolled to the required thickness through a cold rolling process. Because it is cold rolled, the surface finish, thickness uniformity, dimensional accuracy and other properties of the finished product are better than those of hot-rolled silicon steel.
Cold-rolled ordinary oriented silicon steel is mostly used in transformer manufacturing, and its magnetic properties vary greatly in different directions. Its performance is better than cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel.
High magnetic induction cold-rolled oriented silicon steel is mainly used in the manufacture of yoke coils, transformers and other components in instruments. Generally speaking, to ensure that the use environment of high magnetic induction oriented silicon steel should have the following two factors: one is to make the material have high magnetic properties under a weak magnetic field; the second is to use a high frequency, usually above 400Hz.
In addition, according to different silicon content, silicon steel can be divided into low silicon steel, medium silicon steel and high silicon steel; according to different texture, it can be divided into non-oriented silicon steel, oriented silicon steel, etc.
