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Q235 Steel Equivalent, Properties

Q235 steel is a plain carbon structural steel which is widely used in China, Q235 material in Chinese standard GB/T 700 is divided into 4 quality grades: Q235A, Q235B, Q235C and Q235D; Density of this steel is 7.85 g/cm3, tensile strength is 370-500 MPa; yield strength is 235 MPa (data are for steel bar or steel plate diameter ≤ 16mm). Since it’s mild steel, it is used directly without heat treatment.

PRODUCT INTRODUCTION

PRODUCT INTRODUCTION

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Q235 Steel coils


Features and Applications

Q235 steel has good plasticity, toughness and weldability, as well as a certain strength, good cold bending performance. Q235 material is usually rolled into wire rod or round steel, square steel, flat steel, angle steel, I beam, channel steel, other sections and steel plates. These products are widely used in construction and engineering welded structures, to make steel bars or build factory buildings, high voltage transmission towers, bridges, vehicles, boilers, containers, etc., and also used as a mechanical part with less demanding performance such as less stressed rods, connecting rods, screws, nuts, ferrules, brackets, and stands, etc.

Q235 VS A36, S235

 

Data Sheet and Specification

 

The following tables show Q235A, Q235B, Q235C and Q235D steel datasheet and specification, including chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties, etc.

Q235A, Q235B, Q235C, Q235D Steel Chemical Composition

The table below lists Q235 material chemical composition based on heat analysis.

Chemical Composition (heat analysis), %, ≤
Steel Grade Quality Grade C Si Mn P S Deoxidation Method
Q235 Q235A 0.22 0.35 1.40 0.045 0.050 Rimmed / Killed
Q235B 0.20 0.35 1.40 0.045 0.045 Rimmed / Killed
Q235C 0.17 0.35 1.40 0.040 0.040 Killed
Q235D 0.17 0.35 1.40 0.035 0.035 Exceptionally Killed

Q235 Steel Properties

The following list summarizes Q235 steel properties including physical and mechanical properties.

Physical Properties

Notes:

10-6·K-1 = 10-6/K

1 Ω·mm²/m = 1 μΩ·m

1 g/cm3 = 1 kg/dm3 = 1000 kg/m3

1 GPa = 1 kN/mm2

1 MPa = 1 N/mm2

Physical Properties
Density, g/cm3 7.85
Melting point, ℃ about 1493
Specific heat capacity, J/(Kg·K) 470 at 20 ℃
Electrical resistivity, μΩ·m about 0,15 (20 ℃)
Elastic modulus, GPa (kN/mm2) 200
Thermal conductivity, (W/m·K) 53-49 (0-100 ℃)
Coefficient of thermal expansion, (10-6/K) 11.3-11.6 (20 ℃)
Young's modulus, GPa (kN/mm2) 200
Poisson's ratio 0.24-0.28

Mechanical Properties

Yield strength and tensile strength are listed in the table below.

1 MPa = 1 N/mm2

    Yield Strength (MPa, ≥); Thickness or Dia. (d) mm Tensile Strength (MPa)
Steel Grade Quality d≤16 16< d ≤40 40< d ≤100 100< d ≤150 150< d ≤200 d≤100
Q235 Q235A 235 225 215 195 185 370-500
Q235B
Q235C
Q235D

Minimum Elongation

  Elongation (≥ %); Thickness or Dia. (d) mm
Steel Grade d≤40 40< d ≤60 60< d ≤100 100< d ≤150 150< d ≤200
Q235 26 25 24 22 21

Minimum Charpy Impact

    Charpy impact (V notch)
Steel Grade Quality Temp. ℃ Impact energy (longitudinal, ≥ J)
Q235 Q235A
Q235B +20 27
Q235C 0
Q235D -20

Bending Test Results of Q235 Material

Cold Bending Test 180° (B=2a)
Grade Sample Orientation Steel Dia. (d) of Curve Center
d≤ 60mm 60
Q235 Vertical a 2a
Horizontal 1.5a 2.5a

B= Sample Steel Width; a= Sample Diameter or Thickness.

Steel rolled with Q195 and Q235B grade rimmed steel, the thickness or diameter of which is not more than 25mm.

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